BURNING
Goal of first aid:
Cover the burn with a sterile dressing, prevent hypothermia, and avoid shock.
SAFETY FIRST
Take no risks: Do not enter burning or smoky rooms.
Gloves: Protect yourself and others: put on disposable gloves.
Extinguishing agent: Keep fire extinguisher / fire blanket ready (do not spray in people's faces).
Remove dangers: If possible, move affected persons out of the danger zone.
CONDITION CHECKING
See: First-degree: redness and swelling of the skin.
See: Second-degree: redness and blistering.
See: Third-degree: Gray-white or black, charred-looking skin.
Estimate size: How large is the burned body surface area? Are multiple areas affected?
Hear/Listen: Speak to the person. Do they express pain? Do they answer clearly or are they dazed?
Feel: Clammy skin?
CALLING FOR HELP
Emergency call 112: Make an emergency call.
The 5 W questions:
Where did the accident happen?
What happened?
How many people are affected?
What injuries?
Wait for further questions!
Use speakerphone: Turn on your phone’s speaker to keep your hands free.
Do not hang up: End the call only when the control center tells you to.
Involve bystanders: Have them bring a first aid kit.
Report condition changes: Inform the control center if the person's condition changes.
POSITIONING
Shock position: In case of paleness, clammy skin, or drowsiness, lay the person on their back with their legs elevated.
Comfortable position: If fully conscious, support the person in their preferred position.
WOUND DRESSING
Cooling: Wounds up to the size of the affected person's palm can be cooled with water for a few minutes before dressing.
Cover the wound: After cooling, loosely cover the wound with a sterile dressing and secure it with adhesive strips.
Do not remove: Leave clothing that is stuck or burned into the wound; do not detach.
COMFORTING
Don't leave: Stay with the person. Your presence and kind, encouraging words can help.
Listen: Listen actively, respond to their fears and worries, and show that you're there for them.
TEMPERATURE MANAGEMENT
Prevent heat loss: Cover the person with an emergency blanket or similar to prevent hypothermia.